CSS transform Property

Description

The transform property allow elements styled with CSS to be transformed in two-dimensional or three-dimensional space. Using this property, elements can be translated, rotated, scaled, and skewed. The value list may consist of 2D and/or 3D transform values.

Initial value

none

Applies to

Transformable elements

Inherited

No

Media

Visual

Computed value

As specified

Animatable

Yes

CSS Version

CSS3

JavaScript syntax

object.style.transform

Syntax

transform: none | <transform-list>

Values

• matrix(a, b, c, d, e, f)Specifies a 2D transformation matrix in the form of a transformation matrix of the six values, a-f.
• matrix3d(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p)Specifies a 3D transformation as a 4x4 homogeneous matrix of 16 values in column-major order.
• rotate(angle)Specifies a 2D rotation by the specified angle about the origin of the element, as defined by the transform-origin property.
• rotate3d(x, y, z, a)Specifies a 3D rotation by the angle specified in last parameter about the [x,y,z] direction vector described by the first three parameters.
• rotateX(ax)Specifies a 3D rotation by the angle specified in the X direction. Equivalent to rotate3d(1, 0, 0, ax).
• rotateY(ay)Specifies a 3D rotation by the angle specified in the Y direction. Equivalent to rotate3d(0, 1, 0, ay).
• rotateZ(az)Specifies a 3D rotation by the angle specified in the Z direction. Equivalent to rotate3d(0, 0, 1, az).
• scale(sx[, sy])Specifies a 2D scaling operation described by [sx, sy]. If sy is not specified, it is assumed to be equal to sx.
• scale3d(sx, sy, sz)Specifies a 3D scale operation by the [sx,sy,sz] scaling vector described by the three parameters.
• scaleX(sx)Specifies a scale operation using the vector [sx, 1].
• scaleY(sy)Specifies a scale operation using the vector [1, sy].
• scaleZ(sz)Specifies a 3D scale operation by the scaling vector [1,1,sz].
• skew(ax[, ay])Specifies a 2D skew by [ax,ay] for X and Y. If the second parameter is not provided, it is assumed to be zero.
• skewX(angle)Specifies a 2D skew transformation along the X axis by the given angle.
• skewY(angle)Specifies a 2D skew transformation along the Y axis by the given angle.
• translate(tx[, ty])Specifies a 2D translation by the vector [tx, ty]. If ty is not specified, its value is assumed to be zero.
• translate3d(tx, ty, tz)Specifies a 3D translation by the vector [tx,ty,tz] in the X, Y, and Z directions.
• translateX(tx)Translates the element by the given amount along the X axis.
• translateY(ty)Translates the element by the given amount along the Y axis.
• translateZ(tz)Specifies a 3D translation by the vector [0,0,tz] in the Z direction.
• perspective(<length>)Specifies a perspective projection matrix, which scales points in the X and Y directions based on their Z value. Thus, points with positive Z values are scaled away from the origin, and those with negative Z values are scaled toward the origin.
• noneSpecifies that no transform should be applied.

Example

<h2>2D CSS Conversions</h2> 

<div class="static"><div class="test"> translate (-20px, -20px) </div></div> 

<div class="static"><div class="test2"> scaleX (.5) </div></div> 

<div class="static"><div class="test3"> scale (0, 0.5) </div></div> 

<br> 

<div class="static"><div class="test4"> rotate (2turn) </div></div> 

<div class="static"><div class="test5"> skewY (20deg) </div></div> 

<div class="static"><div class="test6"> matrix (.7,0, .5, .7, -99, -99) </div></div> 

.static {
   margin: 10px;
   background: gray;
   display: inline-block; 
} 
div {
   width: 180px;
   height : 100px;
   text-align: center; 
   line-height: 100px;
   transition: .3s linear; 
   -moz-transition: .3s linear;
   -webkit-transition: .3s linear; 
} 
.test2, .test4, .test6 { 
   background: orange;  
}
.test, .test3, .test5 { 
   background: plum;  
} 
.test:hover {
   transform: translate(-20px, -20px);
   -webkit-transform: translate(-20px, -20px); 
   -moz-transform: translate(-20px, -20px); 
   -ms-transform: translate(-20px, -20px);
}  
.test2:hover {
   transform: scaleX(.5);
   -webkit-transform: scaleX(.5);
   -moz-transform: scaleX(.5);
   -ms-transform: scaleX(.5); 
} 
.test3:hover {
   transform: scale(0, 0.5); 
   -webkit-transform: scale(0, 0.5);
   -moz-transform: scale(0, 0.5);
   -ms-transform: scale(0, 0.5); 
}  
.test4:hover {
   transform: rotate(2turn); 
   -webkit-transform: rotate(2turn); 
   -moz-transform: rotate(2turn); 
   -ms-transform: rotate(2turn);
}  
.test5:hover {
   transform: skewY(20deg);
   -webkit-transform: skewY(20deg);
   -moz-transform: skewY(20deg); 
   -ms-transform: skewY(20deg);
}  
.test6:hover {
   transform: matrix(.7,0, .5, .7, -99, -99); 
   -webkit-transform: matrix(.7,0, .5, .7, -99, -99); 
   -moz-transform: matrix(.7,0, .5, .7, -99, -99); 
   -ms-transform: matrix(.7,0, .5, .7, -99, -99); 
}   

Browser Support

Desktop
10	12	36	16	23	9
Tablets / Mobile
4.4	36	16	24	9	3.0

Last updated by CSSPortal on: 2nd November 2019